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Born to the son of Dr. Charles R. Bardeen and Althea Harmer, the name of John Bardeen (23 May, 1908–30 January, 1991) is engraved in golden letters in the history of the Nobel awards. This extremely talented American physicist and electrical engineer is celebrated as the only person to have won two Nobel prizes in Physics. The first among which was awarded to him for being the co-inventor of Transistor with William Shockley and Walter Brattain.
The great invention of the transistor happened when John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at AT&T's Bell Labs started performing experiments on semi-conductive materials. It was then that they noticed that a signal was produced with the help of two gold points applied to a crystal of germanium. They developed the theory even further. Ultimately with the help of William Shockley, he invented the transistor in 1947. John Bardeen had been awarded many prizes for his outstanding contributions in Physics, throughout his lifetime.