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Luis W. Alvarez (13 June, 1911–1 September, 1988) was an American experimental physicist, won Nobel Prize in Physics in the year 1968 for his work which eventually came to be known as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). In his early career, he worked in the fields of optics and cosmic rays simultaneously. He co-discovered the 'East-West Effect' in cosmic rays and is also responsible for producing the first 198Hg lamp. Further more, he went on to discover the radioactivity of Tritium (3H). He also introduced three radar systems: Microwave Early Warning System, Blind Landing System of Civilian as well as Military Value and the Eagle High Altitude Bombing System.
His work on the design and construction of the Berkeley 4-foot Proton linear accelerator led to the 'Tandem Van de Graaf accelerator' which was developed after Dr. Alvarez had published the suggestion for charge exchange acceleration. He also contributed to the development of large liquid hydrogen bubble chambers and high-speed devices that measure and analyse millions of photographs produced by the bubble chamber complex. Later, he studied Cosmic rays, using superconducting magnets and balloons.